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INDIA: A disappeared victim's mother's seven year search for justice; Fair trial and urgent protection required

December 14, 2004

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ASIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION - URGENT APPEALS PROGRAM

14 December 2004
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UA-171-2004: INDIA: A disappeared victim's mother's seven year search for justice; Fair trial and urgent protection required

INDIA: Disappearance; Extra-judicial killings; Impunity; Collapse of rule of law
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Dear friends,

The Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) has received information from Banglar Manabadhikar Suraksha Mancha (MASUM), a human rights organization in West Bengal, that 11 police officers, allegedly involved in the disappearance of Partha Majumdar seven years ago, have been charged by the Additional District and Session Judge, 1st Court at Barasat, through Partha's family's constant fight to obtain justice, on 5 September 2004. The first hearing examination of Prosecution Witness is scheduled on 16 December 2004. 

However, the family now lives in fear that as the case is being in the court, the accused police officers will be more active in intimidating them and other witnesses, by using their influential position at the police machinery. In fact, the victim's mother and sister had a road accident this July, from which they sustained severe injuries, and the family strongly believes that it was an organized attempt on their lives by the accused police officers.

Furthermore, Partha's family also reported that the public prosecutor in charge is in league with the accused and is trying to influence the case in favor of the accused. They also questioned the fact that all the defence lawyers appearing for the accused are state government empanelled advocates, although the amended Legal Remembrances Manual prohibits the public prosecutor from representing the police in a private capacity. 

AHRC notes with grave concern that Partha Majumdar and his family are victims of the complete failure of rule of law in India. Their story illustrates the difficult situations people fighting for justice have to face. Partha's mother, Ms Sunila Majumdar, said in her appeal letter to the AHRC, "We are fighting! Fighting virtually with our backs to the wall for seven years! Now we have no one to rely on except a handful of socially conscious citizen?We urgently need support to take us though the most difficult phase ahead!" 

We call for your strong solidarity to support Partha's family who are desperately seeking justice. Please send a letter to the West Bengal governmental authorities urging them to immediately suspend the accused 11 police officers, to replace the public prosecutor in-charge by a special public prosecutor for fair trial, and to provide urgent protection to the victim's family and witnesses.   

Urgent Appeals Desk
Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC)
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DETAILED INFORMATION:

Name of the victim: Mr Partha Majumdar, 30 years old at the time of his disappearance, son of late Dwijendra Nath Majumdar, who was a recognised freedom fighter for India's independence  
Address of the victim: 106, Nandan Nagar, North 24 Parganas District, West Bengal Province, India  
Accused police officers:
1. Sunil Kumar Haldar, presently Additional Superintendent Police of Malda
2. Anjan Ganguly, presently Inspector in Charge (I.C.) of East Jadavpur Police Station
3. Pranab Dutta, presently I.C. of the Bally Police Station
4. Tamal Das, presently Officer in Charge (O.C.) of the Magrahat Police Station
5. Supriya Das, presently O.C. of the Keorapukur Outpost of the Thakurpukur Police Station
6. Jayanta Kumar Dey, Sub Inspector (S.I.), Habra Police Station
7. Ranjit Mandal, a police constable No. 1745, Habra Police Station
8. Abdullah Seikh, a police constable No. 48, Habra Police Station
9. Gobinda Murmu, a police constable No. 1515, Habra Police Station
10. Bishnu Mukherjee, a police constable No. 1872, Habra Police Station
11. Lakshman Giri, a hone guard No. B WHG-127, Habra Police Station
Date of forced disappearance: from 5 September 2004 till now
Case status: Police inaction to arrest the accused and no fair trial. The victim's family and witnesses need urgent protection due to the intimidation by the accused


Forced Disappearance of Partha Majumdar and Police Inaction

At about 8 a.m. on 5 September 1997, Mr Partha Majumdar was sipping tea at a road side stall in Akrampur when a group of police officers from the Habra Police Station located Mr Suresh Barui, a local person with a criminal reputation. Although the police maintain that Suresh was killed during an exchange of gunfire, an eyewitness reported that the police brutally shot him to death, even though Suresh fell at the feet of the policemen, requesting them not to kill him. In the meantime, when the police resorted to firing that morning, Partha, who was a key eyewitness to Suresh's killing, was hit in his leg and was taken away by the police. Partha has not been seen since then. However, the police claim that he was never arrested.

Partha's mother, Ms Sunila Majumdar, and his elder brother, Mr Dipankar Majumdar, have been trying to locate Partha in every way. They have written numerous letters to central government officials as well as state officials in West Bengal, in seeking their assistance. However, they have repeatedly encountered inaction, with exception to the High Court in Calcutta ordering the West Bengal Human Rights Commission (WBHRC) to undertake an investigation of the family's claims in January 1998.

In its report of 31 March 2000 (Reference: File No. 22/WBHRC/IW/98 and File No. 251/WBHRC/COM/98-99), the WBHRC finally verified that: 

"It is thus evident and clear that Partha Majumdar was arrested by police and kept detained in the Habra Police Station and in the name of Lakshman Giri, he was treated in hospital wherefrom he was discharged on 6 September 1997 evening and taken away by Arabinda Kushari to Barasat Police Station and since then Partha Majumdar is missing from police custody."

The WBHRC also recommended to the West Bengal Government to instruct the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) to initiate a case against those responsible for Suresh's death and Partha's disappearance, as "the police version of the encounter does not exactly correspond with the way things happened on the fateful day". 

The CID began investigating this case, but it did not make any serious effort to arrest the accused. Instead, 11 accused police officers were granted anticipatory bail on 12 December 2000 without any objection from neither the CID nor the public prosecutor, even though their charges were non-bailable. Up to now, none of 11 accused police officers have been arrested for more than seven years and they continue in their services. Some of them have even been promoted in the mean time. 


Seven Year Fight for Justice; No Fair Trial; Collapse of Rule of Law

For the last seven years, Partha's family has constantly fought to get justice for Partha Majumdar. The CID has recently charged 11 accused police officers of "abduction in order to murder" under Section 364/201/34 of Indian Penal Code. (Reference: Charge Sheet No.4 dated 12.01.2004 and Supplementary Charge Sheet No.41 dated 19.02.2004 at the Sub Divisional Judicial Magistrate (SDJM) Court at Barasat, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India)

After several preliminary hearings on the point of charge, on 4 September 2004, the Additional District and Session Judge, 1st Court at Barasat, North 24 Parganas, decided that the 11 accused police officers should be tried on their charges. The first examination of witness of the case in the court has been scheduled for 16 December 2004.

However, despite the development in this case, Partha's family is deeply concerned that they may fail to obtain justice, as the trial has not been conducted fairly.

The family argued that the public prosecutor in charge of the case, Shri Probodh Chandra Roy, is partial to the accused. According to the family, he was the person who had virtually allowed the accused to obtain bail without offering any serious legal opposition in 2000. The family also insists that he has deliberately made mistakes regarding the date of incident and the name of the places in the legal documents, to create confusion and delay in the case. He also allegedly threatened the victim's mother and elder brother in open Court on 4 September 2004 while the charges against the accused were being framed.

Furthermore, according to the amended Legal Remembrances Manual, the public prosecutor is prohibited to represent the police in a private capacity. However, in this case, all the defence lawyers appearing for the accused are state government empanelled advocates.

Under these circumstances, Partha's family is urging the replacement of the public prosecutor in-charge by a special public prosecutor who can ensure his fair and impartial role for the trial. They further urge that state government empanelled advocates should not represent the police officers if a fair and impartial trial is to be guaranteed.   


Intimidation and Attempt on Lives of Partha's Family and Witnesses

Because of their strong activities in pursuing the case against the accused in the court, Partha's family members have been frequently subjected to threats, humiliations and harassment by the police officers. The family said that they are unable to (or do not dare to) go anywhere near Habra because of the continuous intimidation by the police in the area. For example, the victim's elder brother reported that the police in uniform openly threatened him in public saying that they would bury him alive if his family continued to pursue the session trial case.

It was also reported that the victim's mother and sister had a road accident on 11 July 2004 and both of them have sustained severe injuries. The sister required a major knee surgery and was hospitalized at R G Kar Medical College and Hospital until 29 July 2004. The family strongly believes that the accident was an organized attempt on their lives by the accused police officers. 

There are also allegations that some local political leaders of Akrampur under Habra Police Station have begun to influence on the trial set for December 16. It is alleged that one of the political leaders named Shri Pabitra Roy, who is commonly called Sunil Roy, is making contact with the witnesses scheduled to appear before the session trial and threatening them to give statements in favor of the accused.

Now the family lives in fear that as the case is being heard at the court, the accused police officers will be more active in intimidating and attacking them and other witnesses, and use their influential position at the police station (one Addl. S.P., two I.C.s, two O.C.s, one S.I., four police constables and one home guard). None of the accused police officers have been suspended despite being indicted by the court.

In light of the above, the victim's family has called for the immediate suspension of the accused to help ensure their security. According to Regulation 880 of Police Regulation, Bengal, the suspension of a police officer is authorised in cases where the continuance in an office of an officer pending enquiry is prejudicial to public interest. However, so far there has been no response from the government authorities regarding this matter.

Partha and his family are not the only victims in this case. Justice too has disappeared. For more than seven years, in spite of the continual efforts of his family, law enforcement officers have ignored the enforcement of the law. Instead, they have sought to undermine the law by ensuring that their fellow police officers remain above it.  

SUGGESTED ACTION:
Please send a letter to the West Bengal Government urging it to immediately suspend the accused 11 police officers, to replace the public prosecutor in-charge by a special public prosecutor for fair trial, and to provide urgent protection to the victim's family and witnesses.   

Sample letter:

Dear ___________,

Re: A victim's mother's search for justice for 7 years; Forced disappearance of Partha Majumdar (Charge Sheet No.4 dated 12.01.2004 and Supplementary Charge Sheet No.41 dated 19.02.2004 at the Sub Divisional Judicial Magistrate (SDJM) Court at Barasat, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India)

I am relived to hear that 11 police officers, allegedly involved in the disappearance of Partha Majumdar seven years ago, have been charged by the Additional District and Session Judge, 1st Court at Barasat on 5 September 2004. The first hearing of the case is scheduled on 16 December 2004.

However, I have been informed that the family and the witnesses face frequent intimidation by the accused as the case is being heard in the court. None of the accused has been suspended and some of them have even been promoted in the meantime. I would like to draw your attention to a suspicious road accident in which the victim's mother and sister were involved this July, from which they sustained severe injuries. 

Moreover, I have also been informed that the public prosecutor of this case is not impartial and is trying to influence the case in favor of the accused. It has also come to my attention that all the defence lawyers appearing for the accused are state government empanelled advocates, despite this being prohibited by the amended Legal Remembrances Manual.

Under these circumstances, I urge you to take appropriate action to immediately suspend the 11 accused police officers in order to prevent them from using their power to intimidate the witnesses or influence this case. I also request you to replace the public prosecutor, who is allegedly partial to the accused, by a special public prosecutor who can ensure his/her impartial role for the trial.  The state government empanelled advocates should not represent the police officers if a fair and impartial trial is to be guaranteed.  

I further urge you to provide full protection to the victim's family and witnesses who are scheduled to give their statements in the court. I also urge you to speed up the trial in your full capacity so that the victim's family will be able to obtain justice without further delay. Finally, I urge the government of India to ratify the UN Convention against Torture (CAT) and introduce it into the domestic law without delay.

Yours sincerely,


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SEND A LETTER TO:

1. Mr. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee
Chief Minister and Minister in Charge of Home (Police) Department
Government of West Bengal
Writers' Buildings, Kolkata - 700001
West Bengal
INDIA
Tel: +91 33 2214 5555 (O) / 2280 0631 (R)
Fax: +91 33 2214 5480
Email: cm@wb.gov.in

2. Mr. Nishith Adhikary
Minister in charge of Judicial Department 
Government of West Bengal
Writers' Buildings, Kolkata -700001
West Bengal
INDIA
Tel: +91 33 2214 5802     
Fax: +91 33 2214 4036
E-mail: micjudicial@wb.gov.in

3. Mr. Pranab Kumar Deb
Principal Secretary of Judicial Department
Government of West Bengal
Writers' Buildings, Kolkata - 700001
West Bengal
INDIA
Tel: +91 33 2214 5824
Fax: +91 33 2214 5225
E-mail: secjudicial@web.gov.in

4. Mr. A.K. Deb. IAS
Secretary of Home Department
Government of West Bengal
Writers Buildings
Kolkata ?700001
West Bengal
INDIA
Tel: +91 33 2214 5656
Fax: +91 33 2214 3001
E-mail: sechome@wb.gov.in

5. Mr. Shyamal Kumar Dutta
Director General & Inspector General of Police
Government of West Bengal
Writers Buildings
Kolkata - 1
West Bengal
INDIA
Fax: +91-33-2214 4498 / 2214 5486
Email: padgp@wbpolice.gov.in

6. Mr. Diego Garcia-Sayan
Chairperson
Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances
Att: Ms. Soussan Raadi-Azarakhchi
C/o OHCHR-UNOG
1211 Geneva 10
SWITZERLAND
Fax: +41 22 917 9006

7. Mr. Leandro Despouy
Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers
Att: Sonia Cronin
Room: 3-060, C/o OHCHR-UNOG
1211 Geneva 10
SWITZERLAND
Tel: +41 22 917 9160
Fax: +41 22 917 9006
E-mail: scronin@ohchr.org

8. Mr. Philip Alston
Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary, or Arbitrary Executions
Att: Lydie Ventre
Room 3-016, c/o OHCHR-UNOG
1211 Geneva 10
SWITZERLAND
Tel: +41 22 917 9155
Fax: +41 22 917 9006 (general)
E-mail: lventre@ohchr.org


Thank you.

Urgent Appeals Programme
Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC)
Document Type :
Urgent Appeal Case
Document ID :
UA-171-2004
Countries :
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Extended Introduction: Urgent Appeals, theory and practice

A need for dialogue

Many people across Asia are frustrated by the widespread lack of respect for human rights in their countries.  Some may be unhappy about the limitations on the freedom of expression or restrictions on privacy, while some are affected by police brutality and military killings.  Many others are frustrated with the absence of rights on labour issues, the environment, gender and the like. 

Yet the expression of this frustration tends to stay firmly in the private sphere.  People complain among friends and family and within their social circles, but often on a low profile basis. This kind of public discourse is not usually an effective measure of the situation in a country because it is so hard to monitor. 

Though the media may cover the issues in a broad manner they rarely broadcast the private fears and anxieties of the average person.  And along with censorship – a common blight in Asia – there is also often a conscious attempt in the media to reflect a positive or at least sober mood at home, where expressions of domestic malcontent are discouraged as unfashionably unpatriotic. Talking about issues like torture is rarely encouraged in the public realm.

There may also be unwritten, possibly unconscious social taboos that stop the public reflection of private grievances.  Where authoritarian control is tight, sophisticated strategies are put into play by equally sophisticated media practices to keep complaints out of the public space, sometimes very subtly.  In other places an inner consensus is influenced by the privileged section of a society, which can control social expression of those less fortunate.  Moral and ethical qualms can also be an obstacle.

In this way, causes for complaint go unaddressed, un-discussed and unresolved and oppression in its many forms, self perpetuates.  For any action to arise out of private frustration, people need ways to get these issues into the public sphere.

Changing society

In the past bridging this gap was a formidable task; it relied on channels of public expression that required money and were therefore controlled by investors.  Printing presses were expensive, which blocked the gate to expression to anyone without money.  Except in times of revolution the media in Asia has tended to serve the well-off and sideline or misrepresent the poor.

Still, thanks to the IT revolution it is now possible to communicate with large audiences at little cost.  In this situation there is a real avenue for taking issues from private to public, regardless of the class or caste of the individual.

Practical action

The AHRC Urgent Appeals system was created to give a voice to those affected by human rights violations, and by doing so, to create a network of support and open avenues for action.  If X’s freedom of expression is denied, if Y is tortured by someone in power or if Z finds his or her labour rights abused, the incident can be swiftly and effectively broadcast and dealt with. The resulting solidarity can lead to action, resolution and change. And as more people understand their rights and follow suit, as the human rights consciousness grows, change happens faster. The Internet has become one of the human rights community’s most powerful tools.   

At the core of the Urgent Appeals Program is the recording of human rights violations at a grass roots level with objectivity, sympathy and competence. Our information is firstly gathered on the ground, close to the victim of the violation, and is then broadcast by a team of advocates, who can apply decades of experience in the field and a working knowledge of the international human rights arena. The flow of information – due to domestic restrictions – often goes from the source and out to the international community via our program, which then builds a pressure for action that steadily makes its way back to the source through his or her own government.   However these cases in bulk create a narrative – and this is most important aspect of our program. As noted by Sri Lankan human rights lawyer and director of the Asian Human Rights Commission, Basil Fernando:

"The urgent appeal introduces narrative as the driving force for social change. This idea was well expressed in the film Amistad, regarding the issue of slavery. The old man in the film, former president and lawyer, states that to resolve this historical problem it is very essential to know the narrative of the people. It was on this basis that a court case is conducted later. The AHRC establishes the narrative of human rights violations through the urgent appeals. If the narrative is right, the organisation will be doing all right."

Patterns start to emerge as violations are documented across the continent, allowing us to take a more authoritative, systemic response, and to pinpoint the systems within each country that are breaking down. This way we are able to discover and explain why and how violations take place, and how they can most effectively be addressed. On this path, larger audiences have opened up to us and become involved: international NGOs and think tanks, national human rights commissions and United Nations bodies.  The program and its coordinators have become a well-used tool for the international media and for human rights education programs. All this helps pave the way for radical reforms to improve, protect and to promote human rights in the region.